Musical Analysis of Messiaen’s 5th and 6th Modes

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Hi Guys,

Today, a look at Messiaen’s mode 5 and 6 as a musical analysis and as compositional and improvisational music techniques.

Messiaen’s 5th Mode [of limited transposition] is well known for its semitones, two major 3rds and its tritone possibilities.

Messiaen mode5 sheet music diagram and example with music notation and guitar tablature.

Messiaen Mode 5 [5th mode 6 transpositions]

Messiaen’s 5th mode for our Examples:

Messiaen Mode 5 [5th mode of limited transposition]

Messiaen’s 5th Mode Extended

A sheet of music displaying Messiaen mode 5 with standard notation and tablature for guitar.
Illustration of Messiaen’s 5th mode showing scale runs and patterns for descending passages.

Making Scale runs: Messiaen mode 5:

Descending

A sheet of music notation with treble clef, displaying Messiaen's 5 mode of limited transposition.
Descending Messiaen Mode 5

Ascending

A sheet of music in 3/4 time signature featuring both standard notation and tablature for a guitar playing Messiaen mode 5.
Messiaen 5th mode Ascending

The next concept that works really well at the guitar is to employ chordal picking technique.

Most of these are based around the “Down Down Up” picking pattern.

Notice the use of Tritones.

Picking pattern = “Down Down Up”

Sheet music displaying a Messiaen musical composition with standard notation and tablature for guitar, featuring various notes and finger positions.
Messiaen 5th mode Cross Picking

Cross Picking/ Chordal Picking: With an open G string.

Messiaen mode 5 sheet music displaying guitar tablature with notes in 4/4 time signature, featuring various fingering positions and chords.
Messiaen 5th mode Cross Picking/ Chordal Picking:

Messiaen 5th Mode: Scale to chord Imitation device.

Messiaen mode 5 sheet music displaying notations for a musical piece, including treble and bass clefs, with notes and tablature for guitar.
Messiaen 5th Mode: Scale to Chord Imitation Compositional device.

Messiaen 5th mode: 3 octave scale imitation descending line

Messiaen's 5th mode of limited transposition sheet music featuring guitar tablature and standard notation in 4/4 time signature.
5th mode Messiaen Descending Run [Immitation]

Cross Picking part 2: Using 4 note tritone chords.

Picking pattern =”Down Down Down Up” Cross

Messiaen guitar musical notation showing a treble clef in 4/4 time with a series of notes, accompanied by tablature for guitar, indicating finger positions.
Messiaen Mode 5 D D D U Cross Picking Tritone guitar
Messiaen guitar  sheet of music notation with a 4/4 time signature, showing a melody on the treble clef and corresponding tablature below, indicating finger positions on a string instrument.
Messiaen Mode 5 Cross Picking Guitar Tritones

Notice the two open strings :

Open Strings Messiaen chords Mode 5 Guitar

Messiaen mode 5 sheet music displaying a series of musical notes in 4/4 time signature along with tablature for guitar.
Messiaen Mode 5 Cross Picking Guitar Tritones Open Strings

PART 2 MESSIAEN MODE 6

Messiaen mode 6 as used for this presentation.

Messiaen mode 6 sheet music displaying a melody in 4/4 time, featuring notes and tablature for guitar.
Messiaen mode 6 notation and guitar tab
Messiaen mode 6 with six transpositions

Messiaen’s 6th mode is great for manipulating “Diminished” and “Augmented” intervals.

Messiaen mode 6 musical notation with segments marked 'dim' and 'aug', showing various notes and chord symbols in 4/4 time signature.
Messiaen mode 6 notation and guitar tab

Mode 6 allows for this to be sequenced easily

Messiaen mode 6 sheet music notation for a guitar piece, featuring both standard notation and tablature, in 4/4 time signature.
Messiaen mode 6 Diminished and Augmented Sequences

Below is a descending Augmented sequence

Messiaen mode 6 musical score with sheet music notation and guitar tablature, displaying notes in 4/4 time signature and various finger positions.
Messiaen mode 6 Augmented descending sequence

For common sequences: The Augmented sequences move in tones whilst the Diminished sequences move in minor 3rds.

Although, Diminished intervals can move in semitones and tones. For Example:

Messiaen mode 6 musical notation displaying ascending diminished semitones, highlighted in red.
Messiaen Mode 6 Diminished intervals in Semitones

Messiaen mode 6 musical sheet with treble clef and guitar tablature in 4/4 time signature, featuring notes and finger positions.
Messiaen 6th mode

Getting back to our common sequences we can see below the brilliance of diminished intervals moving in minor 3rds with the employment of the simple triplet figure.

Messiaen mode 6 sheet music notation and guitar tablature displaying a musical composition in 4/4 time signature.
Messiaen mode 6 Diminished sequence

More examples of mixing up the Augmented and Diminished ideas to avoid the cliches and develop something fresh sounding

Messiaen mode 6 sheet music featuring a melody in 4/4 time signature with notes and guitar tablature below.
Messiaen mode 6 diminished and augmented mix
Messiaen mode 6 sheet music showing a melody in 4/4 time signature with guitar tablature underneath, including notes and finger positions.
Messiaen mode 6 diminished and augmented mix

We can also make interesting intervallic motifs from the notes of the Messiaen mode 6

Messiaen mode 6 music notation with a treble clef, featuring notes, rests, time signatures, and tablature for guitar.
Messiaen mode 6 intervallic sounds
Messiaen mode 6 musical score sheet displaying notes in standard notation and tablature for guitar, featuring a 4/4 time signature.
Messiaen mode 6 intervallic sounds
Messiaen's 6th mode of limited transposition sheet music notation with a treble clef in 4/4 time signature, featuring quarter notes, eighth notes, and various rhythmic groupings, accompanied by guitar tablature below.
Messiaen mode 6 intervallic sounds
Messiaen's 6th mode sheet music and tablature for guitar, displaying notes in 4/4 time signature with finger positioning indicated.
Messiaen mode 6 intervallic sounds
Messiaen 6th mode musical score featuring standard notation and tablature for guitar, including notes and finger placements.
Messiaen mode 6 intervallic sounds

Finally, we can employ a contrapuntal counterpoint “Mirror” compositional device to really manipulate this brilliant 6th mode of Messiaen.

Messiaen's 6th mode sheet music displaying musical notes and tablature for guitar, organized across multiple staves in standard notation.
Messiaen mode 6 Contrapuntal Mirror Compositional device

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Schoenberg’s chord of the 15th-Music Examples and Analysis

Hi Guys,

Today, a look at the final chord of Arnold Schoenberg’s “Sechs Kleine Klavierstucke” 2nd movement.  In thirds this reads as: C–E–G–B–D♯–F♯–A♯–Cx.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music

This extended chord of a 15th, can also be viewed and heard as a bi-tonal construction of C Major 7th with Eb minorMajor 7th superimposed on top

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music

This can also, be thought of [especially in terms of the guitar] as an arpeggio of CMaj7 and an Arpeggio of EbmMaj7.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_explained_15th_in_music

Due, to the nature of its sound and collection of notes, it can produce some interesting counterpoint. Especially, as the Eb to E natural resolution creates colour and drama. [view video at top of page].

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_guitar

Being, a Bi-Tonal chord it is useful as it gives us triad pairs.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_guitar

Ascending Line:

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_chord_pairs_guitar

Now, we will take this a stage further by adding more chords/triads available.

D+ to C to EbmMaj7 to CmMaj7 to Em7 to Bmaj7

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_chord_pairs
schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_chord_pairs

Let’s now, re voice the chord. Here we will make the chord of C a minMaj7 and add D Augmented [9th] on top.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music

In the video/audio [a quick demo I created] below, we can hear the dramatic sound of this voicing in the orchestra.

Next, we have two guitar voicing’s. Firstly we have a Bsus/C [or plain B/C] as a typical McLaughlin guitar voicing.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_mclaughlin_guitar

Secondly, we have the same voicing but with a changing bass.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_guitar

Lastly, another guitar voicing that is useful for chordal picking:

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_guitar

From here, we will add a partial scale descending that is formed from the chord: This chord voicing has a flattened 5th and a sharpened 9th.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_guitar

Lastly, we can create some interesting and colourful passages by exploiting the intervals inherent within this 15th chord.

schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_intervals
schoenberg_chord_music_analysis_extended_15th_in_music_intervals

Arnold_Schoenberg's_chord-of-the 15th_analysis_music_theory