John McLaughlin’s Alternate Picking Guitar Technique

Hi Guys,

Today, a look at the alternate picking guitar style of the great John McLaughlin.

Before starting it is essential to look at the rhythmic aspect.

To do this, let’s take basic 8th notes.

Here, we will accent the 3rd note in each 4 note grouping.

A notated sheet music example illustrating a rhythmic guitar exercise focusing on alternate picking, with notes and accents marked.

Now, let’s add another 4 note grouping and do the same thing.

Annotated sheet music demonstrating rhythmic patterns for alternate picking on guitar with accents.
Musical notation illustrating the technique of alternate picking with accents on specific notes.

What you will notice is that this is like a basic 4/4 drum rhythm with the accent landing on the snare:

With this in mind, let’s now take this and add a shuffle or swing feel to it.

Tip-This accent and swing feel keeps the picking hand secure and focused on plucking the rhythm and not jumping ahead.

Now that we are comfortable with 8th notes, let’s double the time with 16th notes.

It dosen’t matter how you want to count 16th notes. Regardless of 1 e and a or Ta Ka Di Mi or some inner murmur, the point is that your counting needs to be internalised so that the picking hand knows what to pluck.

So, let’s pluck this around 110 to 140 bpm

A music sheet displaying rhythmic notations for alternate picking technique, featuring notes and accents.
Musical notation demonstrating alternate picking techniques in guitar practice.

Okay, let’s now apply everything we have studied so far:

1] Accent 3rd note in each 4 note phrase

2] Apply a swing/shuffle feel

3] Count time – follow internalised rhythm

and play the whole phrase:

Sheet music illustrating alternate picking guitar technique with note placements and rhythmic accents.

For the picking hand [Right hand technique] one needs to be aware of plucking inside of the string and outside of the string:

From the outside of the strings it will be:

Graphic showing guitar alternate picking direction with arrows indicating up and down strokes.
Diagram illustrating alternate picking technique for guitar, showing the directions of plucking from outside the strings.

From the inside of the strings it will be:

Diagram illustrating alternate picking technique with arrows indicating up and down strokes inside of the strings for guitar playing.
Diagram illustrating alternate picking techniques with directional arrows for upstrokes and downstrokes from inside of the strings.

For most players it is easier to pluck [alternate pick] from the outside of the strings.

Here is a 2 string exercise plucking from the inside of the strings starting on a downstroke:

Musical notation illustrating alternate picking 2 string exercise technique with accentuated notes and rhythmic groupings.
Illustration of a 2-string exercise demonstrating alternate picking techniques on guitar.

Here, is a 2 string exercise plucking from the outside of the strings, but, starting on an upstroke:

Musical notation sheet showing a series of sixteenth notes organized in a four-note pattern with specific accents indicated.
An illustration of a musical exercise showcasing alternate picking techniques on the guitar.

Now, let’s start on a downstroke on the outside of the strings:

Sheet music displaying guitar notes with alternate picking notation, including accents and rhythmic groupings. 2 string repetitive exercise.
Musical notation demonstrating 2 string alternate picking exercises for guitar.

Finally, let’s mix it up a bit starting on a downstroke:

A guitar tab illustrating alternate picking techniques, with annotations for 'inside' and 'outside' picking strokes.
Illustration of alternate picking technique showing ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ stroke patterns on guitar.

From these short repetitive exercises, we can gauge where we are with the picking hand. We can acknowledge wether we are picking inside or outside of the strings.

For fluid right hand technique this is essential, as you will know where you are and what you prefer or what’s easiest and most natural for you.

This in turn means that you can start creating phrases either inside or outside the strings that fit your style.

In order to play fluid phrases it’s essential to “Connect” parts, groupings, lines and licks, etc, together.

This means, having the fretting hand ready to “Shift” positions.

This also means, employing simple logical fingering by having the fingers prepared for fretting.

Here, is the natural movement from our example line-[built in 3 deliberate parts]

Close-up of a person playing a guitar, with fingers positioned on the fretboard demonstrating a musical phrase labeled 'Phrase 1' for alternate picking guitar technique.
Demonstration of a guitar phrase highlighting finger positioning for fluid playing.

The fretting hand prepares shape to shift down to the next positions with the hand and fingers “Aligned” for the next phrase.

Close-up of a guitarist's hand demonstrating finger positioning on the fretboard with an arrow indicating the movement for phrase 2 for alternate picking guitar technique.
Demonstration of Phrase 2 in alternate picking technique on guitar.

Fretting hand plays the phrase and prepares the shape and fingers to shift down to next position:

A guitarist demonstrating finger placement on the neck of an acoustic guitar, labeled 'Phrase 3' of alternate picking guitar technique.
Illustration of Phrase 3 technique in John McLaughlin’s alternate picking style.

Fretting hand plays the last phrase comfortably. Hand, shape and fingering are aligned to the correct position.

Full Line -Shifting Positions:

Music notation illustrating shifting positions for guitar playing, showing notes and rhythms for practicing alternate picking techniques.
A musical score demonstrating alternate picking techniques for guitar, highlighting shifts in position.

In conclusion this was just a quick look at the basics of Johns alternate picking guitar technique style.

From here, one can start to form and develop the improvisational elements needed to complete the style. [“This is the way I do it” video-a great example]

As John has taken so many paths in his musical journey it is impossible to get everything down in one webpage/blog. But, from a basic perspective, hopefully this lesson helps somewhat in understanding John’s alternate picking guitar technique.

Alternate picking guitar technique Blog.

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https://youtu.be/JuuHFTaew2c

ALTERNATE PICKING FOR GUITAR IMPROVISATION:

Alternate picking is a strict Up/Down or Down/Up Picking Movement as opposed to a hammering on and pulling off technique. We do this by employing a relaxed wrist motion plucking up and down or down and up from the WRIST. Never do we pick from the elbow, forearm or shoulder!. We sometimes use a floating motion across the strings and sometimes a pivoting or anchoring technique by resting our palm lightly on the bridge of the guitar. The exercise below demonstrates the basic “Down Up” and “Up Down” Strict alternate picking movement.

Alternate picking up stroke and down stroke diagrams

When Holding the pick [plectrum] the thumb needs to be “Rigid” but not tense [Flexible is the best definition]. There must be zero tension in the hand either.
[ With a loose thumb it is easy to drop the pick and lose fluidity.]

Ex.2 Simple exercise for holding the Pick:

How to hold the pick

Put out your hand as if to shake hands

How to grip the plectrum

Bring the fingers in as if to hold a cup

Holding the pick with the proper plectrum grip

Bring down the thumb. It can remain “Flexible” but not wobbly and helpless.

Inside of the hand of the plectrum grip

Inside of plectrum grip. [Fingers Lightly Folded In]

How to hold the guitar pick

Basic Grip with the THUMB as the “Powerhouse” [Never the arm/elbow]

Angle of the hand holding the guitar pick

Ready to Play! Although the thumb is gripping the plectrum firmly there is no tension in the hand or wrist.

 

The Classic Plectrum Grip [My Style]

The hand is closed but it is not tense. The fingers are lightly tucked in. The wrist is loose. This is a very common grip. This is a really excellent grip if you are having problems with your picking hand . This is the grip as used by the great improvisers like John Mclaughlin and Al Di Meola.

alternate picking plectrum right hand grip

 

Other Plectrum picking Grips:

alternate picking guitar plectrum grips examples and demonstrations

Different players grip the pick in different fashions. I use the classic John Mclaughlin grip because I feel it is the best one when it comes to jazz/fusion improvisation and complex rhythms. Whichever grip you choose always remember that regardless of how you hold the plectrum the Principles remain the same. The Thumb being the powerhouse that takes any “Pressure” as we “Pluck/alternate with the wrist”.

John Mclaughlin style Grip Lesson

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHcQwQPNzW8

THE MECHANICS!

If we look at the diagram below we can see what is PHYSICALLY taking place when we are crossing the strings.

If you pluck UP on your 1st string you will have to SKIP OVER the second string before plucking DOWN on it.

So when we are plucking across the strings we are in a way string skipping. Most people I have taught are completely unaware of this. This is why so many people find/assume that alternate picking is difficult.

From the "outside" of the strings it is Up skip over pluck down pluck up

[DOWN SKIP OVER PLUCK UP-reverse


From the “Inside” of the strings it is Down skip over pluck up.

[UP SKIP OVER PLUCK DOWN-reverse

The mechanics of alternate picking when the guitar pick crosses the strings

 

VERY COMMON EXAMPLES/EXERCISES

Down skip over pluck up-when crossing

Michael Angelo Batio sextuplets guitar exercise for the up stroke

UP skip over pluck down-when crossing

Paul Gilbert alternate picking guitar exercise for the up stroke

Coming UP on the Up stroke Exercises

These 3 simple exercises emphasise the coming “UP” on the upstroke creating a rolling effect. These are “EVEN” groupings meaning that the picking pattern repeats itself.

Exercise 1

2 strings crossing repetition alternate picking “EVEN” Groupings

alternate picking guitar exercise crossing the first 2 strings

Exercise 2

2 strings crossing and left hand shifting whilst alternate picking “EVEN”Groupings

alternate picking guitar exercise number 2 for beginners

EXERCISE 3: JAZZ DOUBLE TIMING 16ths Semiquavers

Start with a downstroke and feel the last stroke in the group of 16th notes which will be an upstroke. Use this to be aware in order for you to pluck and accent the 1st stroke in the next group of four 16th notes. Repeat the pattern.This is essential to get the double timing 16th notes rhythmic and precise whilst alternate picking.

alternate picking guitar  1 string exercise

The exercise/lick below on a 2 5 1 is built on 4 note groupings of 16ths called “TETRACHORDS”.Take it slowly using the rhythmic method from the 16ths exercise above.

Alternate picking guitar exercise tetrachords jazz fusion guitar line

 

 

Exercise 4: GROUPS OF 6 NOTES “ODD” Groupings

Start on a DOWN STROKE and then come “UP” on the second group of triplets and follow the sequence. These are repeated patterns but are “ODD” Groupings meaning that on every 3 notes the picking pattern changes, e,g down 2 3 Up 2 3. [Although as a group of 6 it would be an even grouping].

FREVO “Rasgado” INTRO By John Mclaughlin/Paco De Lucia

frevo Rasgado guitar trio John Mclaughlin Paco De Lucia guitar intro lesson

ALTERNATE PICKING ALIGNMENT

In the diagram below we can easily see the right hand crossing the strings picking each string naturally as it comes. We can also see that the right hand is always aligned with the string it wishes to pluck.

Aligned with the 6th string Open E

alternate picking plectrum alignment

Aligned with the 5th string Open A

pick alignment 5 string

Aligned with the 4th string Open D

pick alignment 4th string

Aligned with the 3rd string Open G

plectrum alignment for alternate picking on the guitars 3rd string

Aligned with the 2nd string Open B

plectrum alignment for correct alternate picking

Aligned with the 1st string Open E

1st string plectrum alignment

 

BE AWARE!

If you do alternate picking properly and pluck each string and each note of a phrase with a loose wrist and and relaxed arm/hand then you will avoid injury.

But if you just do a tremolo and hammer on then you will put yourself at risk.

The principles outlined in this short book are very simple and easy to understand. They are not only here to help you  progress but also to help you avoid injury.

Correct wrist technique when alternate picking at the guitar

PALM ANCHORING/FLOATING

Anchoring means pivoting on the bridge lightly

Floating means not resting on the bridge for support. Although this support could come from resting the arm on the body of the guitar [mainly acoustic].

Below is an example of what I do which is a mixture 70% FLOATING with 30% Anchoring.

Floating and pivoting when alternate picking guitar demonstration

alternate picking lesson

Angling the pick

Some people prefer to angle the pick. Some people do this naturally.

Angling the guitar pick for alternate picking

 

It is best to use a “Hard” Plectrum for alternate picking. [Jim Dunlop do some very good hard plectrums].

guitar picks

METRENOME

metronome   digital metronome

Employing the metrenome is the only way to learn quickly and effectively. This amazing device will have you alternate picking smooth and precise rhythms on your guitar. Wether it’s jazz, fusion, improvisation or heavy metal the metronome is the best way to achieve mastery with the guitar pick.

 

Conclusion:

This website page is only a guide and was written for the main purpose of helping a beginner/or anyone struggling to understand alternate picking and avoid injury whilst learning it.

 

Alternate Picking "Triplet" Style   Al di Meola  CLICK
Al Di Meola REH Guitar video

Alternate Picking Jazz Fusion Improvisational Style of John Mclaughlin  CLICK

John Mclaughlin This is the way I do it

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Alternate Picking John Mclaughlin acoustic guitar exercise

This exercise is another simple John Mclaughlin [Shakti] right hand guitar exercise employing alternate picking with the plectrum moving “down” and “up” in a strict alternating manner.

This is a short simple exercise but is really good for getting ideas in how to extend alternate picking patterns for longer lines:This happens when you become aware of the rhythmic pulse of the exercise and the left hand fingering of the fretting hand.

Start with a “down” stroke but be aware of your “Up” stroke because this will propel the lick forward rhythmically.

John Mclaughlin alternate picking lick
“Shakti” alternate picking guitar line

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