Exploring John McLaughlin’s Jazz/Fusion Chords [Re/Edit]

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The Chords of Guitarist John McLaughlin

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Hi Guys,

Welcome to part 2 of the John McLaughlin Modern Jazz Chords series.

First we will have a look at making chords from the whole step half step diminished scale:

The Diminished Scale

A sheet of music notation showing the diminished scale, including a combination of clefs, note values, ledger lines, and guitar tablature.
Musical notation displaying the diminished scale starting on the note C, for creating modern jazz chords.

Within this scale are lots of Triads: [for instance]

diminished-scale-guitar-theroy-music

From these Triads we can add different Bass Notes and produce “Slash chords

Musical score displaying slash chords of the diminished scale, including  B/C, Dm7b5, F/F# and Ab/A with corresponding tablature.
Chord progression showcasing slash chords derived from the diminished scale.

Okay, let’s take three triads with different bass notes and join them together:

Sheet music excerpt showing modern guitar slash chords for F/F#, D/Eb, and B/C from the diminished scale in standard notation and tablature.
Triads with different bass notes from the diminished scale, essential for creating ‘slash chords’ in jazz harmony.

It’s important to realise that because we are employing chords form the diminished scale we have minor 3rd movement.

So, let’s add a little melody within the chords: This is the way that John McLaughlin gets that lovely Bluesy feel within the harmony. Again, this is due to the way that the minor 3rd’s work within diminshed scale harmony.

A musical sheet displaying three slash chords from the diminished scale: F/F#, D/Eb, and B/C, with marked notes and a tablature section showing finger placement on a guitar.
Musical notation showing triad slash chords F/F#, D/Eb, and B/C with finger positions on a guitar tab.

Now let’s create a Blues Composition from this diminished scale.

Musical notation sheet displaying various diminished scale slash chords including F#/F#, D/Eb, B/C, Bm7b5, and more, with labeled sections for harmonic rhythm.
Chord sequence with diminished scale harmonies for a blues composition.

For the last 4 bars we will make the Harmonic Rhythm Quicker by adding a new chord sequence that employs minor7 flat 5’s with slash chords.

Sheet music notation featuring various chords from the diminished scale including Bm7b5, B/C, Dm, and others, along with guitar tablature.
Chord progression using diminished scale triads creating slash chords

JOING CHORDS WITH SCALIC FRAGMENTS

It’s a good idea to join chords together with fragments of the diminished scale: This is also extremely useful when creating composition;

Musical sheet showing John McLaughlin's chord scale in a diminished scale context.
Musical notation illustrating John McLaughlin’s chord scale in a diminished scale context.

2x scale to chords:

Musical sheet showing John McLaughlin's chord scale guitar approach to the diminished scale.

All 12 Major Triads over One Note [C]

Here is an excellent exercise for hearing how all 12 major triads sound over the same single note;

Musical sheet displaying the 12 Major music triads over a C pedal note.  D/C, E/C, F/C, G/C, A/C, and B/C, including finger positions for various instruments.
Exercise showcasing all 12 major triads over the pedal note of C.

Lastly, here are some misellaneous John McLaughlin guitar chords:

Shakti Chord:

shakti-guitar-chord-john-mclaughlin
Diagram showing guitar tablature and notation for the Open E “Shakti” McLaughlin chord

Harmonic minor scale chords:

Music notation showing John McLaughlin's guitar chords from the Harmonic minor scale.
Example of harmonic minor scale chords for guitar, showcasing the E/A chord.

E/A

Sheet music notation showing John McLaughlin's guitar chords from the Harmonic minor scale.
Guitar chord diagram for slash chord E/A, illustrating finger positioning and fret numbers.

E/C

john-mclaughlin-harmonic-minor-slash-chord
Sheet music notation displaying John McLaughlin's guitar slash chords from the Harmonic minor scale.
Musical notation for slash chord taken from the harmonic minor scale.

Lastly, From the Whole Tone scale [Notice: 1 tone movement]

Sheet music featuring a treble clef, time signature of 4/4 displaying chords from the whole tone scale.
Musical notation example featuring chords from the whole tone scale..
Sheet music featuring a treble clef, time signature of 4/4 displaying John McLaughlin's guitar slash chords from the whole tone scale.
Musical notation demonstrating John McLaughlin’s slash chord sequences

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Pat Martino Intervallic Studies: Un-Published Book Lesson

Pat Martino Intervallic Studies: Un-Published Book Lesson

Hi Guys!

Guitarist Mark Koch one of Pat’s students kindly sent me a copy of Pat’s un-published book on “Intervallic studies“.

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-umpinlished-book

It’s a fascinating look at the imaginative thought process and creative concepts that Pat was investigating for the development of the improvising guitarist.

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

In this first example we will look at the “Whole Tone Scale” Study:

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

From a music theory perspective if we take away the intervallic approach and place the notes in order we will get a whole tone scale ascending followed by a whole tone scale descending:

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

Now, we will put them back into the “Disguised” form with the clever approach of the intervallic design:

pat-martino-intervallic-guitar-studies

The key to playing these studies on the guitar is to decide on a methodical fingering and stick to it. [Below=Pat’s Fingering]

pat-martino's-unpublished-book-intervallic-guitar-studies

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

I am employing strict alternate picking for this study starting on an upstroke:

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

Same Study: From Pat’s book with fingering examples:

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book-whole-tone-scale

Now we will look at how Pat breathes life into the pentatonic scale:

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

As before we will take this from a music theory perspective and remove the intervallic approach:

pat-martino-pentatonic-scale-guitar-lesson

Now, let’s disguise this with the use of intervallic exploitation and alternate picking starting on a “Downstroke”:

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

Same Study from Pat’s unpublished book:

pat-martino-intervallic-studies-unpublished-book

Finally, we will employ these intervallic concepts through a iim7b5 V7 i cadence.

Once again, we see the intervallic set up:

pat-martino-intervallic-improvisation-example

Now, let’s employ our music theory and place the intervallic notes in order. Here we find that we have the exploitation of the chromatic scale.

pat-martinochromatic-scale-guitar-lesson

This clever approach is really effective because in the second bar beats 2 and 3 we have a literal chromatic scale that then anticipates the coming minor tonic chord of Em with an Em arpeggio.

pat-martino-intervallic-improvisation-example

Full Example:

pat-martino-intervallic-improvisation-example

This was just a quick look at the creative thought process and unique approach of Pat Martino, resulting in the application of this material into a minor iim7b5 V7 i improvised line to hear how they work and sound.

This approach to scales and improvising [and composing] with them is highly original and extremely useful when there is a need to bust out of cliches and seek colour and creativity in our playing.

3/4 Re Harmonisation-Jazz/Fusion Triads/Bass

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jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

Hi Guys,

Today we will have a look at re harmonising with extra dominant substitutions and a chord ii variant…..

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

The first bar employs a C6/9 in place of the basic tonic chord of C major.

Also, note that this has a 3/4 time signature and starts with an up beat.

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example
jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

The next two bars alter the Dominant chord of G7. This is achieved by thinking of G as a 1st inversion and changing the harmony on top.

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

The BbmMaj7/B has the flattened 3rd like a #9 a flattened 5th [altered] but has the 9th and the 7th of G7. The first 4 notes of the improvised line establishes the BbmMaj7/B harmony whilst the next eight notes employ the A whole tone scale.

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example
jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

The next substitution is a Db chord over the B bass establishing the flattened 5th and a flattened 9th. But, what is really happening is that we are taking a triad a tritone away form the dominant chord G7 and superimposing that on the B [as a 1st inversion] bass note.

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example
jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

Next, we use a chord ii substitution. Again, thinking of F as the bass [1st inversion] we play an E triad over the top. This has the raised 6th and the flattened 5th as a sort of m7b5/Dorian mix.

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

The final Dominant substitution employs another triad from G altered. This time we use the Eb triad over the B [as 1st inversion] bass. [This has an added 9th acting as the 7th note of G]

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

Improvised line over the top,

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

Finally, we arrive back to C6/9

jazz-fusion-reharmonisation-triads-example

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